Amedeo Modigliani was born in Livorno, Italy, and from a young age, he suffered from poor health and struggled academically. He studied painting under the guidance of the painter Guglielmo Micheli. In 1902, he was admitted to the Venice Academy of Fine Arts, and in 1906, he moved to Paris, where he lived in the Montmartre district alongside artists such as Picasso. He also studied sculpture under Constantin Brâncuși. Between 1912 and 1917, Modigliani developed his distinctive artistic style characterized by elegant and concise lines to delineate the contours of objects, followed by the application of exaggerated and refined vivid colors. He was influenced by Eastern art and adopted Paul Cézanne's method of representing form and structure. He elongated figures in his paintings through exaggerated distortion. His subjects were not realistic but, after processing, the images presented a rhythmic and graceful rhythm. Upon closer inspection, most of the eyes in his portrait works appear lifeless and hollow, leading to a French saying: "The models at this time were in a state of hypnosis." His compositions were lively and varied, with rich and varied colors.

Giorgio Morandi (1890-1964), born in Bologna, Italy, is a famous Italian printmaker and oil painter. Morandi has a good artistic education. Morandi's art can give people extremely gentle spiritual comfort.

Mark Chagall (1887-1985), born in Belarus, is a great man in the history of modern painting. He is a pastoral writer who is free from Impressionism, cubism, abstract expressionism and other schools. His paintings show dreamy and symbolic techniques and colors. The word "surrealist" is created to describe his works.

Giorgio de Chirico (1888-1978), an Italian painter, studied at the Munich Academy of fine arts, is an indispensable surreal art master in the history of western modern art in the 20th century.

Salvador Dali, born on May 11, 1904 in Figueras, Spain, died on January 23, 1989. He is a painter with outstanding talent and imagination. Turning the subjective world of dreams into objective and exciting images, he made serious contributions to surrealism and art in the 20th century. Salvador Dali was born on May 11, 1904 in a small town in Figueres, Spain, where he spent his childhood. His birthplace is only about 16 miles from France. Dali's father was a notary and had a rich family. He once established his first art studio for Dali in cadaqes, a small seaside fishing village. El Salvador Dali's childhood and adolescence were very active, which was particularly important for his later career; Some anecdotes of this period, whether true or not, are the basis of many constant images of him in the future. His relationship with his parents and wife Gala plays a decisive role in the formation of his artistic personality. Dali always loved his childhood scenery, surrounded by the Great Plains of Figueras and the Catalan coast with olive groves and pointed bare rocks. These ancient and sad landscapes entered his paintings not only as a background, but also as a living existence. Besides Picasso, Salvador Dali is perhaps the most famous and highly praised painter of the 20th century.

Vincent van Gogh, a Dutch post-Impressionist artist, is regarded as one of the pioneers of modern art. Born in 1853 and passing away in 1890, his brief life left behind a rich and profound artistic legacy. Van Gogh's artistic career was fraught with poverty, illness, and psychological turmoil. Despite this, he earned admiration from future generations for his unique perspective and profound emotional expression. Van Gogh's works are known for their bold use of color and vigorous brushwork. He excelled in depicting ordinary scenes of daily life, infusing them with profound meaning and emotion. His paintings are filled with inner pain, loneliness, and exploration of life, reflecting his unique understanding of art and pursuit of beauty. Representative works of van Gogh include "Starry Night," the "Sunflowers" series, "Wheatfield with Crows," among others. These works caused a sensation at the time and have become classics in the history of art. His artistic influence far surpassed his recognition during his lifetime, making him one of the iconic figures of modern art. Despite van Gogh's unhappy life, his art remains immortal, inspiring people to contemplate and pursue life, beauty, and art.

Paul Cézanne was a French post-Impressionist painter. His works and ideas influenced many artists and art movements of the 20th century, particularly Cubism. For much of his lifetime, his art was not understood or accepted by the public. Through his perseverance, he ultimately challenged all conventional painting values of the 19th century. Cézanne's greatest achievement lies in his unparalleled analysis of color and light, overturning traditional visual perspectives and removing spatial construction from the mix of blended colors, thus ushering in the era of pure art in painting, a feat no previous painting style had achieved. Therefore, he is hailed as the "father of modern art." He believed that shape and color were inseparable. He applied color to the canvas with geometric brushstrokes, gradually forming the surface of the painting. He advocated against using lines and light and shadow to depict objects, instead focusing on color contrast. He used blocks of color to represent the volume and depth of objects, employed the warm-cool variations of colors to create forms, and constructed images with geometric elements. At the end of the 19th century, Paul Cézanne was revered as the "vanguard of new art," and as a pioneer of modern art, Western modern painters refer to him as the "father of modern painting."

Alphonse Maria Mucha, a Czechoslovak painter, was born on July 24, 1860 and died on July 14, 1939. His works not only have a huge number, but also span many art fields